Hernia

DEFINITION


Hernia / abdominal wall hernia is tonjoloan intestine through a hole or weak area of the abdominal wall.
Protrusion of abdominal wall hernias cause that looks tetepi little disturbing.
Diagnosis is made by a physician with pemeriksaab and sometimes with ultrasound.
Treatment includes surgery to repair the hernia.


Abdominal hernias are common, especially in men. There are approximately 700,000 hernia operations each year in the United States. Hernias are usually named after the place where the hernia.



The abdominal wall is thick and hard in almost all areas , so that the hernia usually occurs in weak areas where holes have previously been closed . Heavy lifting or stretching can make a hernia more noticeable but does not cause a hernia to form.


1 . Inguinal hernia


Inguinal hernia appears in the groin crease or on the scrotum . Common in men . There are two types , direct and indirect , depending on exactly where the hernia occurs .


2 . Umbilical Hernia


Umbilical hernias occur around the navel ( umbilicus ) . Many babies who have an umbilical hernia is small because the hole for blood vessels do not close completely . Adult umbilical hernia is caused by obesity , pregnancy , or excess fluid in the abdomen ( ascites ) .


3 . Femoral hernia


A hernia is formed just below the groin crease in the middle of the thigh where the femoral artery and vein to the left abdomen to the feet . This type of hernia usually occurs in women .


4 . Incisional hernia


Sometimes the hernia is formed through an incision in the abdominal wall surgery . This type of hernia may occur many years after surgery .


5 . Confinement and binding


Sometimes, bonding bowel trapped in the hernia , the condition is called confinement ( incarceration ) . Rarely , the intestinal hernia trap so strong that block the blood supply , a condition called binding ( strangulation ) . In binding , part of the intestine that can develop into gangrene stuck at least 6 hours after the fact. With the gangrene , the intestinal wall will die , usually causing rupture , which causes peritonitis ( inflammation and usually infection of the abdominal cavity ) , shock and cause death if not treated .


SYMPTOMS


Many people only look at the hernia bulge . Sometimes the hernia appears only when lifting , coughing or stretch . Usually little or no discomfort , and the bulge can be pushed back in by the patient or physician . Hernias have no symptoms caged additional , but bulge can not be reduced . Hernia binding causes constant pain and increased , usually accompanied by nausea and vomiting , can not be reduced and soft to the touch .


Diagnosis


Doctors make a diagnosis based on the examination . Lump in groin hernias resembling swollen lymph point and testicles can tida down . Scrotal swelling may be a varcocele ( condition in which the blood supply to the testes develop into varicose veins ) or spematocele ( sperm collection in the sac that later evolved into the epididymis ) . Sometimes doctors did ultrasound tests to help determine the diagnosis .


TREATMENT


Umbilical hernias in infants are rarely stifling and does not need to be treated . Most will go away in a few days tanpat care . Umbilical hernias can be repaired very large after a 2 year old baby .


Because other types of hernia may occur binding , doctors usually fix it with surgery after being diagnosed . If the hernia terkuung or bound / strangulation , surgery done as soon as possible . However , improvements were made in the time patients feel comfortable ( elective surgery ) .


Restraining hernia with tape , bandages or other tools sometimes make the patient more comfortable but does not reduce the risk of choking or has holes shut , therefore , it is not recommended . Umbilical hernia just vanishes without any treatment / medication .