prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is cancer that develops in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system. It occurs when cells of the prostate mutate and begin to grow out of control. These cells may spread from the prostate metastasis to other parts of the body, especially the bones and lymph nodes. Prostate cancer may cause pain, difficulty urinating, erectile dysfunction and other symptoms.

risk factors

Some factors that may increase the risk of prostate cancer are age, race, family history (heredity), hormonal, and diet. The risk of prostate cancer was found increased in white men age> 50 years or with a black man aged> 40 years. Ethnic blacks have an increased risk of prostate cancer 1.6x higher than white men.

Men who have a family of men with prostate cancer (brother, father, grandfather) had a higher risk of developing the disease compared to men who did not have a family history. Other factors that cause prostate cancer is hormone testosterone and changes in diet consume too much fat

Other studies, chemical agents such as Cadmium is also found in prostate cancer progression

diagnosis

The main diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of prostate cancer is through the examination of the rectum, checking PSA levels (prostate specific antigen) blood and ultrasound examination via the rectum or TRUS (transrectal ultrasound). Generally, prostate cancer is located in the peripheral zone of the prostate gland and can be detected by examination through the rectum. PSA is a kallikrein-like protease enzymes are almost exclusively produced by the prostate gland. PSA levels will be elevated in the blood of prostate cancer patients, but it can also be elevated in patients with benign prostate enlargement, inflammation of the prostate or in some other non-cancerous conditions. Ultrasound examination of the prostate in patients with prostate cancer do to see a picture of a malignant tumor of the prostate and as a means to perform a prostate biopsy. Prostate biopsy is a procedure taking a bit of prostate gland tissue to detect cancer cells

Not all of the enlarged prostate is prostate cancer , because with increasing age , the prostate will enlarge . In the 50 -year -old man began to ultrasound examination should be performed from outside the body , not with rectal ultrasound . If the result is Enlarged Prostate Under Age , then it is normal . If getting bigger , then it may have benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) which is enough to take medication orally . If getting bigger again , it may be necessary to check and if necessary PSA free-PSA/PSA examination to determine whether the condition is BPH or prostate cancer . It is advisable to perform an ultrasound examination should not only prostate alone , but Lower Abdominal ultrasound examination comprising the Kidney and Bladder condition , because if there is a stone and not clog , then usually no symptoms whatsoever and the cost is not much different from prostate ultrasound examination alone . For Obese and overweight especially rarely exercise is recommended to perform a full abdomen ultrasound examination , because it may happen Fatty Liver

Prevention and Treatment

Some things you can do to prevent prostate cancer is to maintain health, maintaining body weight, drinking lots of water, reduce depression, regular exercise, and reducing the consumption of alcohol, meat, and fat

In the treatment of prostate cancer, there are several treatment methods that the selection can be done by a doctor. Among these is chemotherapy, radiation, hormone therapy, surgery, and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP, used in the early stages of the disease to dispose of tissues that block the urinary tract). The selection of the type of treatment varies from patient to patient because it is influenced by age, general health condition, the development of cancer, the benefits and side effects of therapy

Hormone therapy is used to prevent the body produces the hormone testosterone can stimulate cancer cell growth. Meanwhile, chemotherapy is commonly used in cases of prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body that should be prevented by using chemical development